Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS): Causes, Symptoms and PMDD

During the monthly menstruation cycle many women experience premenstrual syndrome also known as PMS. This most frequently occurs between one and two weeks before the start of the menstrual flow. PMS can be fairly mild or it can be incapacitating for some. When symptoms are extreme it is often called Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD). Symptoms of premenstrual syndrome include swollen and tender breasts, irritability, cramping, back pain, irregularity and sleeplessness.Premenstrual syndrome may be related to fluctuations in hormones, but the exact cause is unknown. PMS is reported by women between the ages of 20 and 40 most frequently. In addition, having children may increase a woman’s risk of experiencing premenstrual syndrome. Another apparent risk factor is a history of depression. Some things may also add to problem as well. For example, eating fried foods, caffeine, refined sugar and drinking alcohol may compound the problem. Additionally, smoking may also intensify PMS.

 

Unless PMS symptoms are extreme, there may be lifestyle changes that can help reduce symptoms. For example, eating a healthy diet full of vitamin rich foods may be helpful. Exercise may also give a woman who suffers with PMS a boost. Stress reduction when possible may ease some of the tension and irritability associated with PMS. Another significant lifestyle change that is possible is getting plenty of rest. Sleeping 8 hours a night may be especially beneficial for women.

 

Over the counter PMS-period relief medicines are also readily available to take the edge off the pain and swelling some women have. For more severe cases of PMS or PMDD a doctor may recommend stronger medication or hormone treatments such as birth control pills. PMDD can significantly impede a woman’s ability to live a normal life, and it may be necessary to get medical intervention when symptoms are profound. PMS stops as soon as a woman goes through menopause and ceases to have a monthly menstruation cycle.

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