Perimenopause: Reduction in Estrogen and Progestrerone hormones

Sometime in the late 30’s or early 40’s a woman’s body begins to undergo significant changes that will lead her to menopause. This time is commonly referred to as perimenopause though this is not a medical term. During this stage of a woman’s life, estrogen and progesterone production in the ovaries slows down considerably. In addition, the ovaries cease producing eggs. This leads ultimately to the end of periods and fertility (menopause). Along the way a woman’s body will also experience changes that are considered a natural part of aging. For instance, the loss of estrogen begins to influence the frequency and quality of her periods. Before they completely disappear, its common for a woman to have missed periods. She may also have heavy or light periods.

Women also frequently experience vaginal changes in perimenopause. As estrogen production changes so does the texture and moisture levels of the vagina. The vagina loses elasticity and is no longer as naturally well lubricated. Dryness leads to uncomfortable intercourse for many women. Some women who are premenopausal, also have troubles with urine leakage when they cough, laugh too hard or bend over. This happens because there are changes in the urinary tract as well. Fluctuating hormones may also manifest in tender breasts, irritability and an increase in severity from PMS (Premenstrual Syndrome).

During perimenopause women are still capable of becoming pregnant even though their periods may have become infrequent or spotty. The odds of a woman conceiving declines as she ages because of the reduction of estrogen, but also because the quality of the eggs are also lessened. Perimenopause can last a decade though the average is only 4 years. There are no conclusive tests to determine if a woman is in this stage. Diagnosis is made on the basis of a woman’s symptoms. The doctor may order tests that measure hormones, but they are inexact because of normal fluctuations.

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