Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Diet Plan: Food for Type ii Diabetics
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Loading ...Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) Food Diet
Foods to be permitted in type 2 DM have to be categorized into measured and unmeasured diet.
Essential requirements to be maintained are:
- Adequate caloric value.
- Balanced food with respect to protein, carbohydrate and fats.
- A permissive diet for elderly.
- Food intake to be divided into regularly spaced meals of similar size.
- Food should be high in fiber, which slows glucose absorption and soothes post prandial glucose levels.
Unmeasured Diabetes Type 2 diet:
Diabetes in many newly diagnosed patients especially obese, can be controlled by simple limitation of certain foods. Due to the simplicity of this form of diet, it should be tried in suitable patients especially elderly.
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Foods to be completely avoided by Type 2 Diabetics
are sugar, glucose, jams, honey, syrups, tinned food, sweets, chocolates, lemonade, proprietary milk preparations and similar foods which are sweetened with sugar like cakes, sweet biscuits, pies, puddings and thick sauces etc.
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Foods allowed in moderation for Diabetic Type 2
are breads of all kinds (including slimming and starch reduced breads like brown or white), rolls, biscuits, crisp breads, potatoes, peas and baked beans. Breakfast cereals and porridge, macaroni, spaghetti and foods with much flour and also thick soups and milk is also allowed in moderation.
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Type 2 Diabetes Foods to be eaten
Foods to be eaten as desired are all meats, fish, eggs, clear soups, meat extract, tomato or lemon juice, tea or coffee. Cabbage, Brussels sprouts, broccoli, cauliflower, spinach, turnip, French beans, onions, leeks or mushrooms, lettuce, cucumbers, tomatoes, spring onions, radish, asparagus and parsley. Herbs, spices pepper, salt, mustard all these can be taken as desired.
Measured type 2 Diabetic diet
It is required for the following Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients:
- Who are on insulin or on oral hypoglycemic drugs and to whom unmeasured diet has proved unsatisfactory.
- Those who are obese and require strict diet regimen.
For the first category patients, a diet with 1800 kcal is suitable where in 230 gm of carbohydrates, 72 gm of proteins and 66 gm of fats should be provided.
For these estimations, Atwater calories conversion factors of 4, 4 and 9 kcal/gm of carbohydrate, protein and fat respectively is used.
Each carbohydrate exchange contains approximately than 10 gm of carbohydrate, 1.5 gm of protein and 0.3 gm fat. Its caloric value is about 50 (equivalent to 20 gm of bread).
Each protein exchange has approximately 7 gm protein and 5 gm fat with caloric value of 70 (equivalent to 30 gm meat).
Each fat exchange has approximately 12 gm fat and almost no carbohydrates and proteins. Caloric value is 110 (equivalent to ½ ounce butter).
One pint of milk has approximately 30 gm carbohydrate, 18 gm proteins and 24 gm fats. Caloric value is 410.
A diet prescription for 230 gm carbohydrate, 1800 kcal will be calculated as follows:
- Daily intake of carbohydrate (230 gm) represents 23 carbohydrates exchanges.
- Daily allowance of milk is decided for e.g. 400 ml has 2 carbohydrate exchanges leaving us with 21 for distribution through out the day.
- Then daily allowance of protein is decided - 4 exchanges will give 280 kcal.
- Calories allocated so far amount to 1590, extra 290 kcal are needed to make it to 1800 kcal. It must be provided by fat, as 1 fat exchange gives 110 kcal, 2 fat exchanges are needed.
- Finally the exchanges (23 carbohydrates, 4 proteins and 2 fats) are distributed through out day, according to eating habits and daily routine of person.
For the second category of patients, who are mostly obese, a low energy (calorie) diet is to be prescribed.
A daily allowance of 900-1000 kcal is to be provided (100 gm carbohydrate, 60 gm protein and 40 gm fat is to be provided).
Sample type 2 diabetes Mellitus diet
Early morning - one cup of light tea (2 teaspoon milk with no sugar)
Break fast- milk (skimmed or toned) ¾ glass approximately 150 ml without sugar and 2 slices of bread
10 am - one fruit serving with apple, papaya, orange or watermelon etc.
Lunch- one large bowl of thin vegetable soup (without butter), one bowl salad - cabbage, cucumber, onion, carrot and tomato, one bowl cooked vegetables or thin pulses and thin butter milk
4 pm - light tea without sugar, one slice of bread or a fruit to be taken
Dinner - thin soup, fresh salad, boiled vegetables, 2 slices of bread with vegetables,1 bowl thin pulses, thin butter milk.
Bed time - skimmed milk half glass.
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