Signs and Symptoms of Type 1 Diabetes in children: thirst, urination, weakness, cramps
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Loading ...What are the Signs and symptoms of Type 1 diabetes in children?
Type 1 or insulin dependent diabetes mellitus also known as IDDM in children’s usually affects age group of below 20 years.
Symptoms of Diabetes IDDM in children
Children usually presents with one or more common symptoms like:
- Polyuria or excessive frequency for urination,
- Polydypsia or intense thirst with perhaps increase sensation for nocturnal urination
- Polyphagia or also known as excessive appetite
- There is gradual weight loss
- There is a sense of weakness along with it
- Lassitude or lethargy to do any work
- Pruritis vulva or itching sensation in vulva in females
- Balanitis or inflammation of tip of penis in males
- There is often compliant of leg cramps,
- There is often blurring of vision.
Commonly some children’s have a stormy onset and seek medical aid for the first time with symptom of ketosis such as
- Persistent enuresis or frequent urination
- Abdominal pain
- Vomiting sensation or persistent vomiting
- Severe dehydration
- Prostration due to weight loss and ketosis
- Drowsiness and
- Even coma
Symptoms due to complications of Diabetes
- Metabolic decompensation- severe metabolic decompensation can be said to have occurred due to either presence of significant acidosis or of hyper-glycemia with blood glucose levels more than 600 mg%.
- Ophthalmic or those related to eyes- there can be errors of refractions with or without retinopathy.
- Acute infections- they are very common in those having type 1 DM. They usually are affected by infections such as tuberculosis or staphylococcal infection.
- In Spotted leg syndrome (diabetic dermopathy). There is pain in the dermis of the skin leading to tenderness of the skin. There are boils formation on the skin, carbuncles and dermatitis causing pustular eruptions.
- Sensory and autonomic neuropathy where in there is affections of the nerves. There is pain and radiculopathy along the nerve pathway.
Neuropathy with multiple visceral involvement-
- Cardio-vascular system (CVS)-here there are sings and symptoms like tachycardia (increased heart pulse rate) and postural hypotension (blood pressure fall when the person stands from a sitting position).
- Gastro-intestinal tract (GIT) - there is reduced motility of esophagus leading to fullness and burning sensation in the epigastric region.
- Genito-urinary tract- there is delayed urination or there is unknowing passage of urine.
- Diabetic osteopathy and peripheral vascular changes are seen.
- Delayed development of secondary sexual characters is seen.
- Renal- there may be proteinuria, peripheral edema, renal hypertension and pyelo-nephritis.
- Hepatomegaly is seen due to fatty or glycogen infiltration.
What are the Signs and symptoms due to complications of insulin treatment?
Hypo-glycemia: Here the person presents with dizziness, confusion, tiredness with difficulty in speech, tremors, palpitations, anxiety and nausea can be seen.There can be allergic reaction to insulin. Insulin edema is seen due to rapid control of severe DM with insulin.
Acute diabetic abdomen: Severe keto-acidosis or pre-coma sometimes produce symptoms of acute appendicitis or ulcers perforation or peritonitis without any lesions.
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