Indications of lung transplantation include Primary vascular disease and end stage pulmonary disease. Choice of procedure are heart and lung transplantation or single lung transplantation.

After the diagnosis is made and unless surgical treatment is practicable, the average period of lung cancer survival rate, is less than a year. Resection of the lung or of the lobe containing tumor offers the best prospect of survival.

Autosomal recessive traits such as cystic fibrosis affect both males and females. Presently there is no effective treatment for most genetic disorders only the prevention of such conditions is possible through genetic counseling and recombinant DNA technology.

Adult onset asthma is usually intrinsic variety where the cause of sudden onset of asthma is an adult, who is previously normal, is usually idiopathic. Therefore it is called as idiopathic or cryptogenic asthma.

Medication used for the treatment of asthma in elderly include sympathomimetics, corticosteroids, xanthine derivatives and anticholinergics but the dosage is to be altered to certain extent in elderly persons.

Nebulisers are inhalation devices used by individuals with acute asthma to deliver the medicine directly to the lungs and cause instant relief and it can be used at any age. A nebuliser can be driven by an air compressor or it can be driven by oxygen.

Cough is a reflex in response to any obstruction or irritation in the throat, larynx, bronchial tubes or lungs. It keeps lungs and airways free of secretions or foreign objects.

Atelectasis is a lung infection whereby the lungs expand imperfectly. Breathlessness are cough are the symptoms of atelectasis. Treatment depends on the cause of atelectasis.

Aspiration Pneumonia is a secondary type of pneumonia with symptoms of cough, sputum and mild fever. Deep breathing exercises are helpful in treating pneumonia.

Aspergillosis is a lung infection caused by filamentous fungi. Bronchitis, asthma and respiratory infections can lead to aspergillosis. Steroids are used for treatment.

Symptoms of cardiac asthma include profuse sweating, restlessness, rapid respiration. Bronchital asthma may be caused due to pollens, inhaling cold air, viral infection of the respiratory tract, pollution or smoking.