Incontinence of Urine, Involuntary Loss of Urine - Causes, Treatment

The condition you have is called as incontinence of urine where there is involuntary loss of urine.

Causes of Incontinence of urine:

Non-neuropathic incontinence:

Urge incontinence - is almost always associated with frequency and urgency and commonly nocturnal.
Causes of Urge Incontinence:
- Detrusor muscle (bladder muscle) instability.
- Bladder hypersensitivity due to urinary tract infection, bladder stones, interstitial cystitis, post-radiotherapy cystitis and tuberculosis.
Post-micturation dribbling- occurs in men when they have finished voiding. The urethra empties its urine content as a result of gravity and movement, because the bulbospongiosus muscle fails to do this.
Insensible incontinence- this usually results from stress leakage of small amounts of urine and is the most common cause of incontinence of urine nowadays. It may occur in men with chronic retention and overflow which may be the result of combination of impaired detrusor contractility, outflow obstruction and often impaired bladder sensation.
Total incontinence- means there is constant dribbling of urine with no distinct voiding episodes.
Causes of Total Incontinence:
- fistulas, neuropathic bladder dysfunction, post-prostatectomy splinter weakness, chronic retention with overflow can cause incontinence
Bed wetting- is sometimes associated with frequency, urgency and daytime urge incontinence in persons with detrusor instability, more often it occurs because of impaired nervous system control of bladder.
Antisocial incontinence- occurs when the individual has lost the ability to appreciate the need to void in a specific placement for the purpose.

Neuropathic bladder dysfunction:

Suprapontine lesions e.g. strokes, trauma, tumors and Parkinson’s disease.
Cord lesions- detrusor activity is involuntary, but may be in-coordinated with distal sphincter activity, so that the two act together during voiding, causing high-pressure outflow obstruction which may cause obstructive uropathy.
Peripheral lesions such as trauma (e.g. pelvic fractures) and diabetes mellitus.

Treatment of Incontinence of Urine:

Stress incontinence
Detrusor instability- may respond to bladder drill. Person is instructed to increase time interval between voids until normal voiding frequency is established. For more severe cases anti-cholinergic e.g. oxybutyrin is given. Surgery if drug treatment fails.
Bladder hypersensitivity- treatment of cause if small fibrotic bladder (e.g. interstitial cystitis) and substitution cystoplasty.
Neuropathic incontinence- for involuntary detrusor activity anti-cholinergic drugs, for acontractile bladder clean intermittent self-catheterization and for incontinence with small dementia special pads and pants.

Home remedies for Incontinence of Urine:

A teaspoonful of pure honey should be taken before going to bed.
Sarshapa i.e. sarson powder, well mixed in a cup of milk, if taken at night before going to bed, stops the weakness of bladder.

Stye, Sty Treatment: How to get rid of Eyelid Stye, Causes and Symptoms

What is a Stye or Sty? What are the causes of stye?

A stye is an infection caused by a bacteria called Staphylococcus aureus. This bacteria affects the hair follicles on your eyelashes or near the glands towards the inner corner of your eye. A Sty will typically show up a a red swelling (small lump) near the inner corner of your eye. The infection takes about 24 hours to develop and appear.

What are the risk factors of Stye?

Risk factors that increase a person’s chance of developing a stye include the following:

Unhygienic living conditions
Chronic poor health; weak immune system
Eye infections or inflammations, such as blepharitis
High cholesterol levels
Unhealthy skin conditions like seborrheic dermatitis

What are the Signs and Symptoms of eyelid sty infection?

A small tender, red lump towards the inner cormer of your eye - which may cause irritation and itching.
You may have slight pain in the eye. Rubbing your eye (which you must avoid) will cause it to water and itch more.
Sometimes Conjunctivitis may develop making your eyes red and itchy.

Can I prevent Stye?

There are no proven methods to prevent Sty infection. But a few precaution mentioned below may help:

Eat a healthy diet, exercise regularly to keep you cholesterol levels under control.
Maintain a healthy, clean and hygienic lie style.

What are the long-term effects of the Stye infection?

If you are infected by stye infection a number of times, you may see a scarring on your eyelid. In some cases, a small lump known a chalazion may also be formed on the eyelids.

Is Stye contagious? Will it affect other people in my house?

Sty is not contagious and will not spread to other people from your infection.

How can I treat a Sty infection? Are there any home remedies for stye?

Hot compress may be used to treat Styes. Do not wait for over 24-36 hours if the hot compress does not heal the stye or reduce the discomfort. In such cases,you must visit your physician and seek other treatment, like taking certain antibiotics.
If the sty does not respond to regular treatment, sometime the stye may need to be drained by making an incision. This is not a common treatment though, as most styes will heal with antibiotics.
Cut a large garlic into two and gently dab the cut surface on the stye before going to bed. Be very careful when you do this so you do not touch the inside of your eye.
Alternatively, grind the garlic and dip a small piece of cloth into the mixture and gently apply over the stye.

Are there any side effects of Sty infection treatment?

Depending on your allergies to the antibiotics your physician may prescribe, you may have stomach upsets, diarrhea, headaches or some other symptoms.
Bleeding may occur when the sty is drained by making an incision.
Normally a stye infection should not take over 3-4 days to heal. In most cases, you will not need extended treatment, although you must monitor is closely for a few more days.